Inside lay a sarcophagus with three coffins nested inside one another. The last coffin, made of solid gold, contained the mummified body of King Tut. Among the riches found in the tomb—golden shrines, jewelry, statues, a chariot, weapons, clothing—the perfectly preserved mummy was the most valuable, as it was the first one ever to be discovered.
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British backer Lord Carnarvon wanted to call off the search for the lost tomb of Tutankhamun after six fruitless years of searching, but Howard Carter convinced him to stick it out for one more season—resulting in the 20th century's most famous find. A hush fell on the group of British and Egyptian observers standing at the sealed doorway on November 26, Three weeks earlier, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his team had stumbled on a rubble-filled stairway in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt.
Following the excavations of the late s, many archaeologists thought the valley had yielded all its secrets. However, Carter had a hunch that there was still more to find.
Egyptians began to bury their royalty in the Valley of the Kings during the New Kingdom circa B. Carter was searching for the tomb of an obscure king from the 18th dynasty. Carnarvon hurried to Egypt to witness the opening of the tomb.
As Carter and his team re-cleared the staircase to continue their work, the entire door was exposed, and the seals of Tutankhamun revealed. He had found the boy king. The door also bore signs of damage and repair, leading Carter to wonder if the tomb was indeed intact. The next day, the team assembled to open the tomb. With Carnarvon and other observers looking on, Carter drilled a small hole in the top corner of the doorway and placed a candle inside.
The candle flickered, and Carter peered in. Tutankhamun reigned for only nine years, and his short reign may be what kept grave robbers from the contents of his tomb.
Born around B. Amenhotep III ruled Egypt for nearly four decades at the height of the 18th dynasty, while Akhenaten radically reshaped Egyptian religion and art by discarding the old gods and devoting Egypt to one deity, Aten, the sun disk. His year reign was marked by highly stylized artworks that prominently featured this symbol.
Egypt dismantled the legacy of his father, returning to the old religious and artistic traditions as well as smashing his monuments and statues.
At age 15 or 16, he died under mysterious circumstances and was hastily entombed with all the pomp and splendor befitting a king. By attempting to write him out of history, they inadvertently preserved his legacy. Because thieves did not know his name, they were unlikely to look for his tomb.
Born the youn-gest of 11 siblings in London in , Howard Carter was the son of a respected but not terribly wealthy painter. He was certainly a sickly child, but it is likely that Carter did not, in fact, receive much in the way of formal schooling. Thanks to family connections, at age 17 he was recommended to Percy Newberry, a renowned Egyptologist who was looking for an artist for an archaeological expedition to Egypt.
After an apprenticeship of three months at the British Museum, Carter set off for the Nile, where he was employed on a major excavation in Akhetaten Amarna , the city built by Akhenaten. His career took off: He became an inspector with the Egyptian Department of Antiquities and eventually rose to become chief inspector for northern Egypt.
By the early s he was working for American archaeology enthusiast Theodore M. Davis in the Valley of the Kings. It was regarded incorrectly it seems as ideal for royal interments because its remoteness was thought to deter grave robbers. A group of drunken tourists at the necropolis of Saqqara caused a disturbance, and Carter ordered them to leave.
They complained to their ambassador, who demanded an apology from Carter. He knew that "photographs don't always tell everything," said Silverman, of the University of Pennsylvania.
Still, Yale's Darnell said, "I believe that some people have periodically made suggestions that Carter didn't do this or that as carefully as he might"—for example, when Tut's mummy, stuck to its sarcophagus by hardened resins and newly vulnerable to looters, refused to budge. Carter exposed Tut's mummy to the desert sun in an effort to melt the resins.
When that failed, he cut the corpse free. See pictures from "King Tut Revealed," National Geographic's report on modern technology's insights into the pharaoh's biology. Nothing could be more antithetical to plundering. Penn's Silverman, though, said that if Carter had made his famous discovery today, he might have been a little more careful with the physical evidence because of all of the medical technologies—such as CT scans, MRIs, and DNA studies—now available to archaeologists now.
I think that may have plagued him. Carter did work on other tomb excavations afterward, but nothing compared to his find. Among his regrets were that he eventually became too ill with cancer to finish his full account of the tomb's discovery, according to Yale's Darnell. Carter died of cancer in , but he never believed his sickness was due to the so-called mummy's curse, or the Curse of the Pharaohs, a supposed death sentence for anyone who disturbed the sleep of Egypt's ancient rulers.
Carter himself, however, was the best refutation of the curse," the New York Times pointed out in its obituary of Carter. All rights reserved. Even so, Yale's Darnell said, "Carter did an incredible job. Share Tweet Email. Why it's so hard to treat pain in infants. This wild African cat has adapted to life in a big city. Animals Wild Cities This wild African cat has adapted to life in a big city Caracals have learned to hunt around the urban edges of Cape Town, though the predator faces many threats, such as getting hit by cars.
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